Cancer of Cervix - part2 - Treatment

Cervical cancer can be treated using surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. The form of treatment that is used will depend on the stage of the cancer and whether it has spread at the time of diagnosis. Early-stage cancer that is confined to the cervix, offers an excellent outlook, with a success rate of over 85%. However, if the cancer has spread to the vagina, surrounding tissues and pelvic area, or elsewhere, the outlook is less positive.
Early-stage cancer
For early-stage cancer that is confined to the cervix, surgery is often used. Radiotherapy can also be used, although the risks of side effects are higher. However, it may be used after surgery if there is a risk that some cancer cells may be left behind, or to reduce the risk of cancerous cells returning. Before surgery, chemotherapy is sometimes used to shrink the cancer in order to make the operation easier.
Advanced cancer
If cervical cancer has spread beyond the cervix, and cannot be treated using surgery, radiotherapy is usually used, and may be given in combination with chemotherapy.
Most hospitals have a team of specialists who will work together to decide which treatment is best for you. The team will often consist of a specialist cancer surgeon, a clinical oncologist (radiotherapy and chemotherapy specialist), plus a number of other healthcare professionals including, a specialist nurse, dietician, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, and a psychologist.
Your doctor will be able to advise you on the best treatment plan for you, depending on factors such as your age, general health, the type and size of tumour, and whether it has spread beyond the cervix.

The Cervix

The cervix is part of a woman's reproductive system. It is the lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb). The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ in the lower abdomen. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. The vagina leads to the outside of the body.
The cervical canal is a passageway. Blood flows from the uterus through the canal into the vagina during a woman's menstrual period. The cervix also produces mucus. The mucus helps sperm move from the vagina into the uterus. During pregnancy, the cervix is tightly closed to help keep the baby inside the uterus. During childbirth, the cervix dilates (opens) to allow the baby to pass through the vagina.